Acts by Scott Risley (2017)

Trials in Jerusalem

Photo of Scott Risley
Scott Risley

Acts 21:1-23:11

Summary

Paul is prophesied to go to Jerusalem where he will be imprisoned. Paul does go to Jerusalem and ends up in front of the Jewish council where he gives the account for why he preaches the Gospel to the Gentiles. Through these events, we learn about God's grace and encouragement that he provides for those who risk everything for the sake of the Gospel.

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Introduction

We are getting to the end of Acts; we are getting to the end of Paul’s third journey. We left off last week, he was at Miletus talking to the elders of Ephesus in this speech to these men full of passion, full of tears, full of deep pastoral wisdom. At the end we last see them, they are down by the ship crying together because Paul had said, ‘I am never going to see you guys again.’ Luke tell us in Acts 21,

After saying farewell to the Ephesian elders,

Or literally, ‘after we ripped ourselves away from them.’ It was so painful to leave.

we sailed straight to the island of Cos.

Luke is with them now this is a ‘we-passage’, the detail skyrockets.

The next day we reached Rhodes

That would have been a pretty cool sight, the colossus at Rhodes.

and then went to Patara.

The small ships had to hug the coastline, they had to put into porch each night because they couldn’t afford to be out at night. At Patara it looks like they got on a bigger ship that could sail straight across the Mediterranean.

There we boarded a ship sailing for Phoenicia. We sighted the island of Cyprus, passed it on our left, and landed at the harbor of Tyre, in Syria, where the ship was to unload its cargo.

When you are travelling by shit in ancient times you didn’t just book a ticket for a specific date and time, you’d pay to get on the boat but you had to be hanging out for when the ship was ready to leave and you had to be there ready. You also were sort of at the mercy of the cargo unloading/loading trade schedule. Here they were going to have some time at Tyre so they get off the ship.

We went ashore, found the local believers, and stayed with them a week.

Apparently, that was how long it was going to take for the ship to get loaded and unloaded again. This was not a group that Paul planted, but he found them there. Paul might have actually planted this church through the persecution earlier in his life that drove the Christians out of Jerusalem into this area. You could say he had a hand in planting these churches as well. They stayed with them for a week and even though it looks like they might not have known these believers they formed a deep bond that we have in Christ.

These believers prophesied through the Holy Spirit that Paul should not go on to Jerusalem.

That can saw ‘through the Holy Spirit’ or ‘on the occasion of the Holy Spirit.’ But it seems like a contradiction at first. Last chapter we read that Paul said he was ‘compelled by the Holy Spirit to go to Jerusalem’ and now these guys are saying, ‘don’t go to Jerusalem.’ How do we resolve that? I think it will become clearer when we get down to Caesarea and I will explain then.

When we returned to the ship at the end of the week, the entire congregation, including women and children, left the city and came down to the shore with us.

They did not want to see Paul go, they wanted to see him off.

There we knelt, prayed,

Right there on the beach, what a touching scene.

and said our farewells. Then we went aboard, and they returned home. The next stop after leaving Tyre was Ptolemais, where we greeted the brothers and sisters and stayed for one day. The next day we went on to Caesarea

Do you remember Caesarea? Where Peter had his breakthrough with Cornelius, the first large scale Gentile conversions.

and stayed at the home of Philip the Evangelist one of the seven men who had been chosen to distribute food.

Paul kind of knew him from back in the day. Do you remember him? He was one of the seven who were chosen to feed the widows in Jerusalem in Acts 6, Stephen was one of the seven and Paul had Stephen killed and Phillip was one of the guys driven out of Jerusalem as a result of the persecution. I don’t know if these guys have seen each other in 20 years. Paul had killed Stephen who was probably a good friend of Philip and many others as well. And here we see brothers in Christ probably talking about their ministry, welcoming him into his home. You see the forgiveness possible through Jesus Christ. We also find out that Philip got married, settled down and raised a family.

He had four unmarried daughters who had the gift of prophecy.

He is delivering all of this girls as Christian workers, and Luke tells his audience, ‘hey guys, they’re unmarried, they are single. I wonder if some readers here were thinking about making a trip to Caesarea.

Prophecy about Paul’s Future Suffering

Several days later a man named Agabus, who also had the gift of prophecy, arrived from Judea.

He came up from Jerusalem, we have met Agabus before as well. He is the one who went up to Antioch and prophesied about that famine. He is the one that helped them get the collection together to take down to Jerusalem. So Agabus is still getting it done ten years after that.

He came over, took Paul’s belt, and bound his own feet and hands with it. Then he said, “The Holy Spirit declares, ‘So shall the owner of this belt be bound by the Jewish leaders in Jerusalem and turned over to the Gentiles.’”

Paul is like, ‘Alright. Can I get my belt back?’ So, he is prophesying, he has prophesied accurately before. He is warning him that suffering lies ahead.

When we heard this, we and the local believers all begged Paul not to go on to Jerusalem. 

So what’s the deal? Is the Holy Spirit contradicting himself? No. What the Spirit is predicting through Agabus, what the Spirit had already told Paul is that what lies ahead is suffering, imprisonment, hardships, really hard times ahead, but the Spirit also told Paul that he had to go anyways. What happens here, the Spirit said, ‘you are going to be bound, you are going to be captured’ and then Luke says, and then when ‘we’ heard the prophecy ‘we’ began begging Paul. That is probably what happened a little bit earlier in this chapter as well. This is why prophecies need to be interpreted. The prophecy was right but their interpretation of it, they were thinking that God wouldn’t want him to go there and suffer and Paul’s like, ‘no.’ The Spirit has already told him that he has to go and that he is going to suffer.

But he said, “Why all this weeping? You are breaking my heart! I am ready not only to be jailed at Jerusalem but even to die for the sake of the Lord Jesus.”

It pained him to see his friends like this and to tell them that he had to this. He didn’t want to have this argument. This is a commitment that every believer should be willing to have, we should all have this same perspective. Paul had signed his life over to Christ, we saw last week that he said his life meant nothing to him, he just wanted to finish his race.

When it was clear that we couldn’t persuade him, we gave up and said, “The Lord’s will be done.”

You get the sense that maybe Paul got that a lot. We should also be careful when we say, ‘God told me that you should do this.’ We should be very reluctant. God told me to do something is a different thing. A lot of time when we ignore advise it is because we want to take the easy route, Paul ignored their advice to take the harder route.

After this we packed our things and left for Jerusalem. Some believers from Caesarea accompanied us, and they took us to the home of Mnason, a man originally from Cyprus and one of the early believers.

This guy had been a Christian for a long time, maybe he converted at Pentecost.

Paul in Jerusalem

When we arrived, the brothers and sisters in Jerusalem welcomed us warmly.

They got a warm welcome from the first Christians they met in Jerusalem. I want to say a few words about Jerusalem in 57 AD. The temple mount dominates the entire city. Paul hasn’t been to Jerusalem much, he was raised there under Gamaliel the great teacher in probably his early teens and 20s, maybe up to age 30 or so. But since then he has only been there four time for brief visits according to the book of Acts. He hasn’t been there that much. What is clear is that a lot has changed since them. For one, it is ruled by Ananias the corrupt high priest. He was a hoarder of money, he was corrupt, he would send his goons in to beat people up to take the tithes that were supposed to go to the priests. You had priests starving while Ananias was taking the money. Different from Annas who we read about in the gospels, an earlier high priest. And, the political and racial tensions in Jerusalem are soaring in the present time.

Josephus described the period of the mid-50s as a time of intense Jewish nationalism and political unrest. One insurrection after another rose to challenge the Roman overlords, and Felix brutally suppressed them all. This only increased the Jewish hatred for Rome and inflamed anti-Gentile sentiments. It was a time when pro-Jewish sentiment was at its height and friendliness with outsiders was viewed askance.

John Polhill, Acts: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition of Holy Scripture (Holman Reference, 1992), p. 447, Cited in Witherington, Acts, p. 643-644

It was very negatively viewed. You can imagine, Paul walks into Jerusalem with eight gentiles carrying a collection for the poor there. Paul is a Jew, and yet he has these eight gentiles. He would have stuck out like a sore thumb. This would have been like a white guy going into a racist white city with eight black guys. To introduce them to his old friends. He is walking into the city and people are like, ‘what is Paul doing?’ There were also rumors circulating about Paul that we will read about in a moment. This was a tense time in Jerusalem.

Felix had often killed innocent citizens, but perhaps the most egregious example of abuse of power was how he dealt with an Egyptian Jew…

Witherington, Ben, The Acts of the Apostles (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1998), 643, 661-2.

This Egyptian Jew will feature later in the story. He gathered a group of about 4000 (Luke says 4000, Josephus says 30,000, Josephus tends to exaggerate thought) and he led them out into the wilderness and said they would march up to Jerusalem and the walls would come tumbling down. He wanted to be the new king with them as his followers. Felix found out about it and they captured and killed 400 of his followers, imprisoned another 200, but the Egyptian got away, they were still on the lookout for the Egyptian Jew, this happened probably around 54 AD. There were all kinds of these events under the reign of Felix.

Jerusalem is not what it had been in Acts 2; tensions are rising, and in the temple sicarii, or assassins, are murdering aristocrats suspected of collaborating with the Gentiles.

Craig S. Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1993), Ac 21:20–22.

These sicarii are also going to be mentioned later as well. It was kind of like early terrorism. They would go to the temple with knives under their robes. They would target rich guys who were helping Rome and they would stab them and slip away; the guy would collapse behind him and all of a sudden people would notice and mayhem would ensue. Rich guys were afraid to go to the temple because they were afraid to get murdered there. This is the scene that Paul is walking into. He is thinking that he will show up with the Gentile converts with the money for the poor that Peter and John had asked them to get. Peter and John aren’t even there now apparently. He walks in and he meets with James, the brother of Jesus.

The next day Paul went with us to meet with James, and all the elders of the Jerusalem church were present.

To get a sense of how big this is, the green square in about the size of the football field. You can fit about 25 of these in the temple, it was massive.

After greeting them, Paul gave a detailed account of the things God had accomplished among the Gentiles through his ministry. After hearing this, they praised God. And then they said, “You know, dear brother, how many [ten-] thousands of Jews have also believed, and they all follow the law of Moses very seriously. But the Jewish believers here in Jerusalem have been told that you are teaching all the Jews who live among the Gentiles to turn their backs on the laws of Moses. They’ve heard that you teach them not to circumcise their children or follow other Jewish customs. What should we do? They will certainly hear that you have come.

What should they do? They have an idea.

Here’s what we want you to do. We have four men here who have completed their vow. [cf. Numbers 6]

It doesn’t really say what it is, it kind of seems like a Nazarite vow where you wouldn’t cut your hair for a long time and then you would shave your head and do an offering. Paul had something like that in Acts 18:18, he shaved his head and there was something about a vow. But to finish off a Nazarite guy each guy needed some sheep, a ram, some grain offering and drink offering.

Go with them to the Temple and join them in the purification ceremony, [cf. Num 19:11-13?] paying for them to have their heads ritually shaved.

It’s also not clear what Paul was supposed to do, some kind of purification ceremony. In Numbers 19 it talks about a purification process when you touch a dead person. It sounds like they may have also applied this to when you spent a lot of time with Gentiles. They suggest Paul can pay for them to get their head shaved and finish off their vow.

Then everyone will know that the rumors are all false and that you yourself observe the Jewish laws. As for the Gentile believers, they should do what we already told them in a letter: They should abstain from eating food offered to idols, from consuming blood or the meat of strangled animals, and from sexual immorality.”

All the Acts 15 decree stuff. So, what is going on here? What do you do in Paul’s situation? It was a tense situation; he does say that he becomes a Jew to the Jews to win people to Christ. He says to the Romans that if they want to follow the dietary laws, don’t make them eat pork chops. It’s okay, they can follow the ceremonial stuff. He didn’t force the Jews to live like Gentiles. He also circumcised Timothy who was a Jew. The question here is, Paul is going along with this, the question is, is this a mistake or not? One view calls this a morally neutral thing that he was trying to do to be diplomatic. Another view says that Paul was wrong to do this, to initiate this sacrifice. And some even think that it was this experience right here that led him to write the book of Hebrews as he saw how riddled Jerusalem had become with legalism.

Paul Arrested

So Paul went to the Temple the next day with the other men. They had already started the purification ritual, so he publicly announced the date when their vows would end, and sacrifices would be offered for each of them. The seven days were almost ended

Paul was about to go through with this final thing as a part of this ritual and the whole plan backfires, he never gets to finish the ritual. In fact, it says,

when some Jews from the province of Asia saw Paul in the Temple and roused a mob against him. They grabbed him, yelling, “Men of Israel, help us! This is the man who preaches against our people everywhere and tells everybody to disobey the Jewish laws.

Very similar to what they charged Stephen with actually.

He speaks against the Temple—and even defiles this holy place by bringing in Gentiles.”

You can kind of see, the red arrow points to a really faint line, that is a four-foot wall, and Gentiles were not allowed through the wall. The Jews were so insistent on this that they got a special exception from Rome, that if Gentiles went into their temple, they could execute the death penalty without Roman approval even on Roman citizens. A very rare exception from Rome. They have uncovered a couple of the signs mounted on this wall and this is what it says in Greek, ‘no foreigner is to enter within the balustrade and embankment around the sanctuary. Whoever is caught will have only himself to blame for his death as follows.’ Welcome to Jerusalem.

Luke explains that Paul had not brought in a Gentiles.

(For earlier that day they had seen him in the city with Trophimus, a Gentile from Ephesus, and they assumed Paul had taken him into the Temple.)

He was walking around with Gentiles during the day and he was walking around with these four guys for the ritual, and they assumed they were the same guys.

The whole city was rocked by these accusations, and a great riot followed. Paul was grabbed and dragged out of the Temple, and immediately the gates were closed behind him. As they were trying to kill him, word reached the commander of the Roman regiment [~600 soldiers] that all Jerusalem was in an uproar.

Did you notice in the northwest corner of the temple, this structure? That is the fortress of Antonia that Herod had built right into the wall of the temple to keep an eye on things. There was a whole cohort of 600 soldiers, multiple centurions, and the commander, Claudius Lysias. This is why they were able to respond so quickly; they were like onsite temple cops.

He immediately called out his soldiers and officers and ran down among the crowd. When the mob saw the commander and the troops coming, they stopped beating Paul. Then the commander arrested him and ordered him bound with two chains. He asked the crowd who he was and what he had done.

Lysias is just trying to figure out what is going on, so the Romans arrest him, which is good, because if the Jewish guard had arrested him, he would be their prisoner. But because the Romans arrested him, the Jews would have to extradite him from Roman control and that was a lot harder.

Some shouted one thing and some another. Since he couldn’t find out the truth in all the uproar and confusion, he ordered that Paul be taken to the fortress. As Paul reached the stairs, the mob grew so violent the soldiers had to lift him to their shoulders to protect him.

They are moving up, the mob is moving in, this is scary.

And the crowd followed behind, shouting, “Kill him, kill him!” As Paul was about to be taken inside, he said to the commander, “May I have a word with you?” “Do you know Greek?” the commander asked, surprised. “Aren’t you the Egyptian who led a rebellion some time ago and took 4,000 members of the Assassins out into the desert?”

We got him guys; we got the Egyptian!

“No,” Paul replied, “I am a Jew and a citizen of Tarsus in Cilicia, which is an important city. Please, let me talk to these people.” The commander agreed,

Probably hoping he could find out what they were so mad about.

Paul Addresses the Crowd

so Paul stood on the stairs and motioned to the people to be quiet. Soon a deep silence enveloped the crowd, and he addressed them in their own language, Aramaic.

“Brothers and esteemed fathers,” Paul said, “listen to me as I offer my defense.” When they heard him speaking in their own language, the silence was even greater.

Then Paul said, “I am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, and I was brought up and educated here in Jerusalem under Gamaliel.

The esteemed, famous Rabbi. In fact, the Talmud says,

“Since Rabban Gamaliel the Elder died there has been no more reverence for the Law, and purity and abstinence died out at the same time” – Mishnah, Sotah 9.15

They invented the term Rabban because this guy was such hot stuff, grandson of Hillel, only one of seven people to be given the title Rabban. This was a prestigious as you can get, Paul is going into his righteous pedigree. He was brought up there in the most religious school under Gamaliel.

As his student, I was carefully trained in our Jewish laws and customs. I became very zealous to honor God in everything I did, just like all of you today.

He was so righteous that he,

And I persecuted the followers of the Way, hounding some to death, arresting both men and women and throwing them in prison. The high priest and the whole council of elders can testify that this is so.

Paul was on the Sanhedrin, they knew him, he probably still had some old buddies there present.

For I received letters from them to our Jewish brothers in Damascus, authorizing me to bring the followers of the Way from there to Jerusalem, in chains, to be punished. As I was on the road, approaching Damascus about noon, a very bright light from heaven suddenly shone down around me. I fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to me, ‘Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?’ ‘Who are you, lord?’ I asked. And the voice replied, ‘I am Jesus the Nazarene, the one you are persecuting.’ The people with me saw the light but didn’t understand the voice speaking to me.

They heard something; they just couldn’t tell what it said.

I asked, ‘What should I do, Lord?’ And the Lord told me, ‘Get up and go into Damascus, and there you will be told everything you are to do.’ I was blinded by the intense light and had to be led by the hand to Damascus by my companions. A man named Ananias lived there. He was a godly man, deeply devoted to the law, and well regarded by all the Jews of Damascus.

He is appealing to his audience again, another righteous and godly dude.

He came and stood beside me and said, ‘Brother Saul, regain your sight.’  And that very moment I could see him! Then he told me, ‘The God of our ancestors has chosen you to know his will and to see the Righteous One and hear him speak.

Paul says that he was a Pharisee of Pharisees, he had the perfect pedigree, educated under Gamaliel, was circumcised on the eighth day, he followed the law to a T, he persecuted the way, and he thought he was so righteous until the day when he got to meet the Righteous One, and that was when he began to realize how worthless his righteousness was, how far short it fell from what God really demanded, perfection. Anything short of that is not good enough, and that is why he sent the Righteous One to die for you. So that you can take your guilt and hand it over to him and he can give you a clean white robe in exchange.

For you are to be his witness, telling everyone what you have seen and heard. What are you waiting for? Get up and be baptized. Have your sins washed away by calling on the name of the Lord.’

Good question, what are you waiting for in coming to Christ?

After I returned to Jerusalem, I was praying in the Temple and fell into a trance.

Apparently, it was three years after his conversion when he goes to Damascus, out to Arabia, back to Damascus, and he makes his way back to Jerusalem. In Acts 9 it tells us there was a plot from some of the Jews to kill him, Acts 22 gives us more detail.

I saw a vision of Jesus saying to me, ‘Hurry! Leave Jerusalem, for the people here won’t accept your testimony about me.’ ‘But Lord,’ I argued, ‘they certainly know that in every synagogue I imprisoned and beat those who believed in you.

How could they not see the change that has come over me? It was a little confusing sometimes, especially some of us who grew up in religious home and never knew the Lord. You finally have the breakthrough of grace and it is sort of shocking that your old friends and family don’t see things the way that you do, and they seem even angrier and more determined to follow the law, to try and earn salvation.

And I was in complete agreement when your witness Stephen was killed. I stood by and kept the coats they took off when they stoned him.’ But the Lord said to me, ‘Go, for I will send you far away to the Gentiles!’”

He said the G word…

The crowd listened until Paul said that word. Then they all began to shout, “Away with such a fellow! He isn’t fit to live!” They yelled, threw off their coats, and tossed handfuls of dust into the air. The commander brought Paul inside and ordered him lashed with whips to make him confess his crime. He wanted to find out why the crowd had become so furious.

He is still completely confused as to what is going on.

When they tied Paul down to lash him, Paul said to the officer standing there, “Is it legal for you to whip a Roman citizen who hasn’t even been tried?” When the officer heard this, he went to the commander and asked, “What are you doing? This man is a Roman citizen!”

You can’t whip a Roman citizen.

So the commander went over and asked Paul, “Tell me, are you a Roman citizen?” “Yes, I certainly am,” Paul replied. “I am, too,” the commander muttered, “and it cost me plenty!” Paul answered, “But I am a citizen by birth!” The soldiers who were about to interrogate Paul quickly withdrew when they heard he was a Roman citizen, and the commander was frightened because he had ordered him bound and whipped.

Paul was never flogged as far as we know, he was beaten with rods and whipped, but he gets out of the only flogging he was about to get. Probably good too, it might have killed him. The commander is still confused.

Paul Before the Sanhedrin

The next day the commander ordered the leading priests into session with the Jewish high council. He wanted to find out what the trouble was all about, so he released Paul to have him stand before them.

He is still trying to figure out what Paul did. They call the Sanhedrin and the high priest. They either would have met somewhere in the temple itself or Josephus says in the southwest corner, but they are still in the same area. The 70 most powerful men in Israel sitting in the semi-circle around Paul. He had been on the other side of this in the Sanhedrin and now he was being interrogated.

Gazing intently at the high council, Paul began: “Brothers, I have always lived before God with a clear conscience!”

Probably in regard to the law or something like that, he hasn’t broken any laws, he obviously had sinned, he knew that.

Instantly Ananias the high priest commanded those close to Paul to slap him on the mouth.

Totally consistent with what we know about Ananias.

But Paul said to him, “God will slap you, you corrupt hypocrite!

You whitewashed tombs, is what he literally said, Jesus called the Pharisees whitewashed tombs as well.

What kind of judge are you to break the law yourself by ordering me struck like that?” Those standing near Paul said to him, “Do you dare to insult God’s high priest?” “I’m sorry, brothers. I didn’t realize he was the high priest,” Paul replied, “for the Scriptures say, ‘You must not speak evil of any of your rulers.’”

Paul might have had bad eyesight, maybe the high priest wasn’t wearing his official robe, his special garment that set him apart. Paul kind of apologizes. Paul realized that the trial isn’t going well, he said one thing and got hit in the face, he comes up with another plan.

Paul realized that some members of the high council were Sadducees and some were Pharisees,

Sadducees and Pharisees are kind of like democrats and republicans, they can come together and take down a common opponent, but it was a fragile unity.

so he shouted, “Brothers, I am a Pharisee, as were my ancestors! And I am on trial because my hope is in the resurrection of the dead!” This divided the council—the Pharisees against the Sadducees—for the Sadducees say there is no resurrection or angels or spirits, but the Pharisees believe in all of these.

That’s why they are sad, you see.

So there was a great uproar. Some of the teachers of religious law who were Pharisees jumped up and began to argue forcefully. “We see nothing wrong with him,” they shouted. “Perhaps a spirit or an angel spoke to him.” As the conflict grew more violent, the commander was afraid they would tear Paul apart. So he ordered his soldiers to go and rescue him by force and take him back to the fortress.

Still with no idea of what Paul has done. You have to wonder how Paul is feeling at this point. Up until this period he had success after success after success. Churches planted, disciples being made, and here he comes into Jerusalem, which many godly people had tried to talk him out of, and he hits a brick wall. His life is in danger, he doesn’t know how this is going to end up, he has got to be wondering if he has met his end, if God is done with him, if there is no more for him to do. I wonder if he was doubting himself, I don’t know. But what is cool, is that it says,

That night the Lord appeared to Paul and said, “Be encouraged, Paul. Just as you have been a witness to me here in Jerusalem, you must preach the Good News in Rome as well.”

That’s one of the cool things about the Lord, He knows when we are reaching a point of breaking, a point of exhaustion, and he comes up with just the right word of encouragement. He is sovereign over our circumstances; he doesn’t allow anything into our lives that is more than we can handle with Him.

Conclusions

That’s where we will draw the line for this week, I want to summarize a few things we have seen from Paul in Jerusalem.

First of all, Paul got to meet the Righteous One and his life was never the same. So intent on pursuing his own righteousness, wearing himself out trampling other people in the process and then he was chosen to see, to meet the Righteous One. That is something that God offers to you, you can do that tonight, you can meet the Righteous One, you can see what real righteousness actually is, you can see what a dim shadow your life has been according to his glorious standard. You can also have his comfort as he wraps his arms around you and says, ‘it’s okay, I paid it all so you don’t have to, I love you,’ and you can receive peace and encouragement from Him.

You can see nothing makes religious people angrier than grace. Legalism is such a danger, coming back under law, you see the tractor beam pulling the Jerusalem church back in, they never seem to break out of this. Religious people were so angry when they heard about grace and also the thought that God might be doing something outside their own race. Racism and religion are often tightly intertwined with one another, that is what you see here. God says his grace is available to anyone, no matter who they are, no matter when they are from, no matter what ethnicity they are. All it takes is coming to him with the empty hands of faith and receiving.

God will call us to suffer like he called Paul. But he will watch over us and encourage us when we need it.

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